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In such a case, it is very difficult to ascertain the precise reservoir difference and hence apply a correction to the measured radiocarbon age.

Spurious radiocarbon dates caused by volcanic emanations of radiocarbon-depleted CO2 probably also come under the category of reservoir corrections.

The effect has been suggested as providing dates in error for the eruption of Thera which has been linked to the demise of the Minoan civilisation in the Aegean.

One modern plant growing near the emanations had an apparent age of 1390 yr.

Plants which grow in the vicinity of active volcanic fumeroles will yield a radiocarbon age which is too old. (1980) measured the radioactivity of modern plants growing near hot springs heated by volcanic rocks in western Germany and demonstrated a deficiency in radiocarbon of up to 1500 years through comparison with modern atmospheric radiocarbon levels.

The reason for this anomaly is that the limestone, which is weathered and dissolved into bicarbonate, has no radioactive carbon.

In order to ascertain the ages of samples which were formed in equilibrium with different reservoirs to these materials, it is necessary to provide an age correction.

Implicit in the Conventional Radiocarbon Age BP is the fact that it is not adjusted for this correction.

Because the source of the industrial fuels has been predominantly material of infinite geological age ( e.g coal, petroleum), whose radiocarbon content is nil, the radiocarbon activity of the atmosphere has been lowered in the early part of the 20th century up until the 1950's.

The atmospheric radiocarbon signal has, in effect, been diluted by about 2%.